大家平时看得多的应该是IE浏览器的hack写法比较多,但对于现代浏览器,比如说Safari、Chrome、Firefox等浏览器的hack写法并不多见,甚至有的不知道怎么写。如果您是属于后者,根本不知道各浏览器下具有哪些hack手段,不要着急。因为和将各浏览器下的hack写整理放在了之上。当然也要非常感谢和所做的补充与说明。为了国内前端开发者更好的查阅,我将上有关于各种浏览器的hack写法搬移到w3cplus上,以供大家翻阅与查找。
一、Chrome浏览器
选择器Hack
/* Chrome 24- and Safari 5- */::made-up-pseudo-element, .selector { 代码放在这里}
媒体查询Hacks
/* Chrome, Safari 3+ */@media screen and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0) { 代码放在这里 }
JavaScript Hack
/* Chrome */var isChrome = Boolean(window.chrome);
二、Firefox浏览器
属性选择器Hack
/* Firefox 1.5 */body:empty .selector { 样式代码放这里}/* Firefox 2+ */.selector, x:-moz-any-link { 样式代码放这里 }/* Firefox 3+ */.selector, x:-moz-any-link; x:default { 样式代码放这里 }/* Firefox 3.5+ */body:not(:-moz-handler-blocked) .selector { 样式代码放这里 }
媒体查询Hack
/* Firefox 3.5+, IE 9/10, Opera */@media screen and (min-resolution: +72dpi) { 样式代码放这里 }/* Firefox 3.6+ */@media screen and (-moz-images-in-menus:0) { 样式代码放这里 }/* Firefox 4+ */@media screen and (min--moz-device-pixel-ratio:0) { 样式代码放这里 }
JavaScript Hack
/* Firefox */var isFF = !!navigator.userAgent.match(/firefox/i);/* Firefox 2 - 13 */var isFF = Boolean(window.globalStorage);/* Firefox 2/3 */var isFF = /a/[-1]=='a';/* Firefox 3 */var isFF = (function x(){ })[-5]=='x';
混合型Hack
/* Firefox 3+ */@-moz-document url-prefix() { 样式代码放这里 }
三、Opera浏览器
属性选择器Hack
/* Opera 9.25, Safari 2/3.1 */*|html[xmlns*=""] .selector { 样式代码放这里 }/* Opera 9.27 and below, Safari 2 */html:first-child .selector { 样式代码放这里 }/* Opera 9.5+ */noindex:-o-prefocus, .selector { 样式代码放这里 }
媒体查询Hack
/* Opera 7 */@media all and (min-width: 0px){ 样式代码放这里 }/* Opera 12- */@media all and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:10000), not all and (-webkit-min-device-pixel-ratio:0) { 样式代码放这里 }/* Opera, Firefox 3.5+, IE 9/10 */@media screen and (min-resolution: +72dpi) { 样式代码放这里 }/* Opera, IE 8/9/10 */@media screen { 样式代码放这里 }
JavaScript Hack
/* Opera 9.64- */var isOpera = /^function \(/.test([].sort);/* Opera 12- */var isOpera = Boolean(window.opera);
四、Safari浏览器
属性选择器Hack
/* Safari 2/3 */html[xmlns*=""] body:last-child .selector { 样式代码放这里 } html[xmlns*=""]:root .selector { 样式代码放这里 }/* Safari 2/3.1, Opera 9.25 */*|html[xmlns*=""] .selector { 样式代码放这里 }/* Safari 5- and Chrome 24- */::made-up-pseudo-element, .selector { 样式代码放这里 }
媒体查询Hack
/* Safari */var isSafari = /a/.__proto__=='//';
五、IE浏览器
选择器Hack
/* IE 6 and below */* html .selector { 样式代码放这里 } .suckyie6.selector { 样式代码放这里 } /* .suckyie6 can be any unused class *//* IE 7 and below */.selector, { 样式代码放这里 }/* IE 7 */*:first-child+html .selector { 样式代码放这里 } .selector, x:-IE7 { 样式代码放这里 } *+html .selector { 样式代码放这里 } /* Everything but IE 6 */html > body .selector { 样式代码放这里 }/* Everything but IE 6/7 */html > /**/ body .selector { 样式代码放这里 }head ~ /* */ body .selector { 样式代码放这里 }/* Everything but IE 6/7/8 */:root *> .selector { 样式代码放这里 } body:last-child .selector { 样式代码放这里 } body:nth-of-type(1) .selector { 样式代码放这里 } body:first-of-type .selector { 样式代码放这里 }
属性/属性值 Hack
/* IE 6 */.selector { _color: blue; } .selector { -color: blue; }/* IE 6/7 - any combination of these characters: ! $ & * ( ) = % + @ , . / ` [ ] # ~ ? : < > | */.selector { !color: blue; } .selector { $color: blue; } .selector { &color: blue; } .selector { *color: blue; } /* ... *//* IE 6/7 - acts as an !important */.selector { color: blue !ie; } /* string after ! can be anything *//* IE 8/9 */.selector { color: blue\0/; } /* must go at the END of all rules *//* IE 9/10 */.selector:nth-of-type(1n) { color: blue\9; }/* IE 6/7/8/9/10 */.selector { color: blue\9; } .selector { color/*\**/: blue\9; } /* Everything but IE 6 */.selector { color/**/: blue; }
媒体查询Hack
/* IE 6/7 */@media screen\9 { 样式代码放这里 }/* IE 6/7/8 */@media \0screen\,screen\9 { 样式代码放这里 }/* IE 8 */@media \0screen { 样式代码放这里 }/* IE 8/9/10 & Opera */@media screen\0 { 样式代码放这里 }/* IE 9/10, Firefox 3.5+, Opera */@media screen and (min-resolution: +72dpi) { 样式代码放这里 }/* IE 9/10 */@media screen and (min-width:0\0) { 样式代码放这里 }/* IE 10+ */@media screen and (-ms-high-contrast: active), (-ms-high-contrast: none) { 样式代码放这里 }/* Everything but IE 6/7/8 */@media screen and (min-width: 400px) { 样式代码放这里 }
JavaScript Hack
/* IE <= 8 */var isIE = '\v'=='v';
/* IE 6 */(checkIE = document.createElement("b")).innerHTML = " "; var isIE = checkIE.getElementsByTagName("i").length == 1;
/* IE 7 */(checkIE = document.createElement("b")).innerHTML = " "; var isIE = checkIE.getElementsByTagName("i").length == 1;navigator.appVersion.indexOf("MSIE 7.")!=-1
/* IE 8 */(checkIE = document.createElement("b")).innerHTML = " "; var isIE = checkIE.getElementsByTagName("i").length == 1;
/* IE 9 */(checkIE = document.createElement("b")).innerHTML = " "; var isIE = checkIE.getElementsByTagName("i").length == 1;
/* IE 10 */var isIE = eval("/*@cc_on!@*/false") && document.documentMode === 10; /* IE 10 */var isIE = document.body.style.msTouchAction != undefined;
上面列出各个浏览器下hack的写法,当然在实际运用之中并不建议使用hack。如果你的页面需要hack来处理时,请先检查你的css或者js,如果实在无法达到要求,在考虑使用hack来处理。